The Debate Of Embryonic Stem Cell Research - 1292 Words

Embryonic stem cells research is the most debated type of stem cell research. The moral standings of embryonic stem cell research have been debated since the research started. The side against the research claims that it is wrong to value one’s life above another and that the elimination of the most basic form of life is murder. While the side supporting the research claims that the research could bring about the cure for many types of diseases and help save the lives of millions. Embryonic stem cells are controversial because of how they are obtained and used. While the two sides argue over whether it is moral or not, they both agree that adult stem cells have potential without the moral dilemma. The side against embryonic stem cell research claims that the current method of obtain stem cells is immoral because it requires the destruction of an embryo. People object to the research because it is based around eliminating the most basic form of human life. It says that one’s life would be more valuable than another s. Most embryos used for research are the extra embryos that are created through in vitro fertilization(IVF). While most embryos made through IVF are used to help couples who can not become pregnant it is common practice to make more embryos than needed, the extra embryos are commonly donated to stem cell research. At the start of the research scientist said that IVF embryos would provide a more than sufficient quantity of stem cells. However private firmsShow MoreRelatedThe Debate Of Embryonic Stem Cell Research1460 Words   |  6 Pages I believe that embryonic stem cell research should be allowed in the United States. From previous encounters with the topi c I have learned that the many benefits that can come from stem cell research are without a doubt astounding and unimaginable. There are simply endless possibilities that can arise if the research was allowed to be conducted. From giving back vision to rebuilding tissue, any advance in stem cell research would be beneficial to the medical world. With the help that the advancesRead MoreThe Debate Of Embryonic Stem Cell Research1711 Words   |  7 PagesEmbryonic stem cell research is a hot topic of debate in our modern age, as scientific development continues to push the boundaries of ethics. The debates lies in whether or not it is helping or hindering society, as the procedure involves the manipulation of a human embryo. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are derived from a week old human embryo (blastocyst), often developed from unused in vitro fertilised eggs. They are pluripotent, meaning they are capable of undergoing directed differentiation andRead MoreThe Debate Of Embryonic Stem Cell Research931 Words   |  4 Pages Embryonic stem cell research is the study of stem cells derived from the undifferentiated inner mass cells of a human embryo. For many years now, the ethics of embryonic stem cell research has been argued. A recent advance in this line of research is the ability to clone the embryonic stem cells, which allows for researchers to create a completely compatible embryonic stem cell to the individual’s tissue type. Though this new science may be very beneficial, not everyone can agree on the ethics ofRead MoreThe Debate Over Embryonic Stem Cell Research852 Words   |  4 Pagesknowledge of stem cell research has already created the ability for doctors to print a functional organ jus t as easily as people can print a persuasive research essay. With great medical advancements comes great controversy. The main way researchers have been studying stem cells is by harvesting undifferentiated embryonic stem cells. Those who oppose embryonic stem cell research claim that stem cell harvesting damages and kills the un-born embryo; however, because of advancements in the stem cell harvestingRead MoreThe Ethical Debate of Embryonic Stem Cell Research2359 Words   |  10 PagesStem cell research is often at the forefront of heated ethical debates due to its assessment of human life. If stem cell research cannot be ethically defended, then it should not be conducted. â€Å"You cannot defend a study ethically unless the presumed cost is lower than expected benefits. The cost-benefit analysis of scientific research needs to include human/animal discomfort/risks, environmental issues, material costs, etc† which is necessary to support the positive outcome which the rese arch claimsRead MoreThe Debate Over Embryonic Stem Cell Research1652 Words   |  7 PagesEmbryonic stem cell research could one day hold the key to many new scientific discoveries if it is continuously funded in the years to come. I chose to base my research around the question, Should embryonic stem cell research be government funded? When I finish highschool I hope to pursue a career in the medical field. Although I wish to become a doctor and may not be directly researching stem cells, they may one day be a treatment that I will have to administer to patients. To answer this questionRead MoreThe Debate Over Embryonic Stem Cell Research1543 Words   |  7 PagesWhile embryonic stem cell research has been ongoing for more than 30 years, it has only become a controversial topic over the past decade. The embryonic stem cell was first isolated in 1981 by two scientists at the University of Cambridge. However, it wasn’t until 1998 at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, whe re the first batch of embryonic stem cells were created in a test tube. In 2001, President George W. Bush approved the use of federal funding for research on this topic, following this actionRead MoreThe Debate Over Embryonic Stem Cell Research1907 Words   |  8 PagesApril, 2017 Embryonic Stem Cell Research Imagine living in a world without cancer, Parkinson s, or even diabetes. While everyone may wish this is true, people are against a way that researchers can make this possible, which would be by the use of stem cells. There is major controversy on whether or not stem cell research should be allowed, especially when it comes to embryonic stem cell research. Although many consider it to be killing a potential life form, embryonic stem cell research may eventuallyRead MoreThe Debate Over Embryonic Stem Cell Research1710 Words   |  7 PagesEmbryonic Stem Cell Research Embryonic stem cells, according to the National Institute of Health, are cells obtained from embryos that are prepared from fertilized eggs which have been collected through the in vitro technique; in specialized clinics. Scientists use the stem cell research to have a better idea about the evolution, aging, and disease. Thus, they keep track of the stem cells progress across the lifetime; this tracking process can help scientists to figure out the genetic mutationsRead MoreThe Debate Of Embryonic Stem Cell Research1969 Words   |  8 PagesEmbryonic stem cell research and use is a scientific advancement that could change medical history. There are two types of stem cell research, adult stem cells, and embryonic stem cells. Embryonic stem cells receive a very negative connotation in society, and there are many misconceptions about the process and the ethics of embryonic stem cell research. A large majority of society immediately assume that it is the use of aborted embryos because of the word embryonic, and adult stem cells are not

The Term Global Self Worth Essay - 2027 Words

Over the years, the term global self-worth, which discusses on the adolescent’s overall evaluation on general happiness and satisfaction, becomes important. Recent literature suggests that both the parent’s and peer’s attachments to the adolescent may be a key determinant and a positive relationship in their global self-worth. The current study aimed to examine the importance of perceived attachment in relation to the adolescent’s global self-worth. A self-report survey was administered to a total of 100 adolescents in a public middle school. The questionnaires used in the survey are from the Revised Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA-R; Gullone Robinson, 2005) and Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents (SPPA; Harter, 2012). The validity and reliability of both questionnaires were verified. The Standard Multiple Regression analysis was conducted to determine the best predictor for the global self-worth. The results of the analysis allow us to answer the research question of the study, which indicate that the parent’s attachment makes a significant contribution to the prediction of an adolescent’s global self-worth (ÃŽ ² = .295, p 0.01, p 0.05). Surprisingly, the finding revealed that there is no significant influence of peer’s attachment on the adolescent’s global self-worth. The current study also noted that the role of the parent’s attachment is important in predicting the global self-worth of an adolescent, which shows to be inconsistent with other studies.Show MoreRelatedSocial Media Has A Heavy Influence On An Individuals Self Esteem1389 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluence on an individual’s self-esteem. Merriam-Webster denotes this (‘self-esteem’) as a â€Å"feeling of having respect for yourself and your abilities† (Onomatopoeia, n.d.). Having both positive and negative effects, we will see how social media usage is portrayed on a global scale, as well a s on an individual level. The methods I’ll be using are identifying key features from journals and non-scientific websites to understand how exactly this issue persists in a society where self-identification is heavilyRead MoreMy Interest in Studying Entrepreneurship835 Words   |  4 Pagesbecause it has always been a dream of mine to become self-employed. I believe I have the leadership, passion, courage, vision, and persistence to start my own business and be successful. The corporate landscape is ever-changing, presenting new challenges for entrepreneurs (Hanna, 2012). According to Lisa Mitchell, Vice President of advancing innovation for the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation, global is the biggest trend. Companies are starting out global instead of the traditional way of starting localRead MoreDevelopment and Importance of Self Esteem Essay1722 Words   |  7 PagesIn Psychology Self Esteem is described as the Value or the level of Self Worth that one associates with him/her self. It is viewed as a resolute and enduring characteristic which often leads to the conclusion that it is a set Personality Trait. Self Esteem usually involves positive or negative recognizance of one’s belief’s, attitude, behaviour, emotions and physical appearance. Many teenagers from every culture, socio-economic background country or community suffer with Esteem issues. The mainRead MoreShould College Be For College?929 Words   |  4 PagesEven with the negative connotations getting a degree is worth it In today s generation a college education seems more like a choice than a requirement. From the time we enter elementary school we are being prepared for college. In this society Education happens to raise a lot of questions, for instances; â€Å"are people going to college to gain knowledge or for a good paying job?†, â€Å"with today s technology is a degree essential to ones life?† and â€Å" is school meant for everyone?† Education has a lotRead MoreMan Utd Essay example740 Words   |  3 PagesManchester United lost the Premier League title on the last day of the season, but they still lay claim to another title, though: The world’s most valuable sports team. Forbes estimates Manchester United (Man Utd) is now worth $2.23 billion, 19% more than No. 2 Real Madrid, which is worth $1.88 billion. *What are the main sources of equity for the Man Utd? Brand equity is the most important asset of organization. Why a number of world-wide fans are fanatical about Man Uted? It is hard to chooseRead MoreThe Concept Of The Self Essay1258 Words   |  6 Pagesof the Self The concept of self is a notion that is used to describe who an individual is and how he/she is in the study of personality. In examining the concept of the self, the social world plays a crucial role because humans are basically relational or social beings. As compared to animals, humans have the ability to interact and cooperate in discovering solutions to the issues of everyday life in relation to survival and reproduction. Within the social world, the concept of the self is usedRead MoreResearch Proposal Phd Digital Arts And Humanities Oxford Cork Michael Kurzmeier1172 Words   |  5 Pagesknowledge about it and the subjects’ relation to all-encompassing technology have been the basis of many influential writings of the last two decades. From works such as Empire (Hardt and Negri) that investigate the effects of an all-encompassing global communication network on what Habermas called the â€Å"public sphere† to Geert Lovink’s investigation into the roots and practices of critical Internet culture, scholars agree on the existing and growing importance of data access. In addition to thatRead MoreWas Johnnie Walker’s Keep Walking Campaign Effective? Essay1014 Words   |  5 PagesJohnnie Walker is the image of a striding man on the Scotch whisky, which has become a global leading producer. The Keep Walking campaign was awarded the Grand Prix, at the 2008 IPA Effectiveness Awards. Nevertheless, what made this campaign effective considering the increasingly sceptical framework in terms of advertising effectiveness? This essay attempts to assess the ‘Keep walking’ advertising campaign in terms of ideas, motivation, promotional techniques used, and to the extent possible, evaluateRead Mor eChina’s evolving geopolitical role and its participation in the WTO.1419 Words   |  6 Pagesevolving geopolitical role and its participation in the WTO. China’s evolving Geopolitical Role: Introduction: In terms of geopolitics, it was been observed that China is among the three great powers, beside the United States and the European Union. According to O. Tuathail, 1996; Agnew, 2009, critical geopolitics intends to understand world politics in terms of the ways in which elites and publics actively construct the spaces of political action that are then the medium for the policiesRead MoreMan s Relationship With Nature1438 Words   |  6 Pagesalmost wiped out man from the face of the earth. Man’s relationship with Nature is distinctly separate, the two can’t coexist in harmony and unity. Man is repelled by nature’s environment, the catastrophic events that comes with as well as the long term problems it brings for man to deal with are gruesome. Human Civilization started among water, the driving source of human life. During the Paleolithic era, man was a nomadic hunter-gather. They used primitive stone tools, crafted by hand from the

Changes in Education free essay sample

Education is important in order to prepare individuals to contribute to be effective citizens in our society. Teachers should educate these individuals in different areas such as writing, communication skills, analytical skills, basic knowledge of society, social skills, responsibility, and other skills that enable them to be self-directed learners. Teachers are important for the child’s education and they can make a positive impact or a negative impact. One of the things that I learn in this course was the about the Code of ethics of the education profession. I have heard about this but I had not seen it the way the book presents it. I learned that in the professions such as teaching, an underlying principle of that moral code is that those in the profession act in accordance with the well-being of the client in mind rather than personal concerns or satisfaction (Armstrong, Henson, Savage, 2009). I see this as a way to protect the student values; the code of ethics will encourage the teacher to treat the student in an ethical and responsible way. Teachers have to treat a student with respect and should not take advantage of the students because of their position. A teacher influences the lives of students not only academically but morally and ethically through the teacher’s actions (Armstrong, Henson, Savage, 2009). I also learned about teaching in a world of change, I have not taught in a regular classroom many years, but I had seen many of the new ways of teaching. It is difficult to understand that teaching has change dramatically. First when I was in school we did not have these entire standards that children have today. Years ago, learners with disabilities were isolated in special education classrooms; this was justified by the claim that such students needed training and assistance that was unavailable to them in the regular classroom (Armstrong, Henson, Savage, 2009). We were taught at a regular class and non-speaking English student would usually have their own class room where they would learn in their own language and/ or they would learn English as a second language. Classrooms for students with disabilities where provided as well. Today all the children are in one classroom, they all learned the same thing every day and they all learn at the same pace. Teachers have to be well-prepared and have a curriculum where they include their entire student regardless of language or mental impediment. The book states these educational changes can offer opportunities and threats. It is a challenge for teachers to concentrate not just every child’s learning style, but in all children with special needs as well. A subject that I am familiar with is child abuse and neglect. Teachers responsibility is not only to teach but to help reduce child abuse and neglect, there are so many children dying each year because of abuse. Teachers can feel overwhelm with this kind of responsibility but they are the ones that are with the child most of the day, they are the ones that are closer to the students besides their parents. Reviewing about this subject is a reminder of how important this subject is for the child’s personal life. Another of the things that capture my attention and I am familiar with is the issue about homework and learning. When I was in school I remember we did not had an issue about how much homework was too much. We had homework for almost every classroom and we did not have extra books to leave one in school and one at home. We had to carry most of our books if we need it. Today parent question the value of great amounts of homework that have accompanied the increased emphasis on testing and accountability (Armstrong, Henson, Savage, 2009). The parents are worried that the students are placed in too much pressure; many times they do not have the time to do other out-of-school activities. In the past teachers gave homework to students but students did not have to focus in so many assessments as today. Even though I do not teach in a regular classroom, I do teach at the church where I congregate myself. Many of the things that I learned in this course and the pass courses have helped me be a more effective teacher. I attend a multicultural church where they are children from different places, some are non-speaking English others are English speaking only. When I prepared my class I have to remember that all my children are different but yet I need to treat them the same. I need to prepare my class thinking of every student, they all have different learning styles and in order to capture everyone’s attention I need to make sure I have a well-prepared class. This course has also helped me because I have to teach children with disabilities such as ADD or ADHD, this is a small church school where we don’t have the teachers that we need and all the resources that the schools have, so I have to manage to deal with the students all by myself. And I have to also think of them when I prepare my class. We also have to deal with children that are abused or neglected as well. We have to go to homes and talk to parents and children when there are problems at home. We see these problems mostly in parents that work two jobs or families with single parents. Many times we have to find professional help to these people because they need it. Many times we have to tutor children in math or language arts because they are struggling with school, we have form study groups on Tuesdays in order to help these children succeed in school. One of the questions that I would generate regarding this reading material would be about homework, is schools giving students too much homework? Are the students really filing pressure because of the load of homework that they have? It seems like now a days there is not enough time to do everything we plan. As the book states homework have benefits, it is more likely to improve achievements when teachers take time to explain the purpose of the assignment. Another question that I would generate regarding this material would be about assessments. Do assessments really determine if the students have learned? What are the benefits of so many assessments throughout the year? The book states that one reason for good assessment are that it helps the teacher evaluate the effectiveness of her teaching, it helps the teacher indentify individuals who might be having difficulty learning and among others it helps form the basis for grading and students evaluation (Armstrong, Henson, Savage, 2009). But what happens if the student was having a bad day and he score low in a placement test, is the student placed in a regular class rather than an advance one? The last question would be how is the separation between church and State affecting the school system? In the book it states that many religious leaders have long viewed the teaching of evolution versus intelligent design (Armstrong, Henson, Savage, 2009). How come schools can have books where they talk about having two mommies or two daddies instead of living with mommy and daddy, but it is wrong to talk about God? One of the subjects that really caught my attention was the subject about diversity. Diversity has impacted teaching in many ways. Diversity includes ethnic diversity, language diversity and ability diversity (Armstrong, Henson, Savage, 2009). One of the benefits of having a diversity class is that it gives teaches as well as the students the opportunity to learn from each other, they will learn about each student’s cultures, values and beliefs. It is important for teachers to make their children welcome to their classroom environment in order for the child to feel accepted and secure. . â€Å"Teachers should learn about their students and the communities in order to make a connection with the students and the communities (Armstrong, Henson, Savage, 2009). There are many programs that can help diversity students such as ESL classes, where they are taking individually to teach English as their second language, this helps the student because they are able to go at a slower pace and are able to comprehend better. For many students it’s difficult to learn because they are afraid on to pronounced the words wrong and others just want to learn and they know the more they practice the faster they learn. President Bush emphasized a deep concern that our schools were having, this was that too many of our neediest children are being left behind, so he developed No Child Left Behind. This was developed to improve the performance of every child. According to the Department of Education the assessment results and State progress objectives must be broken out by poverty, race, ethnicity, disability, and limited English proficiency to ensure that no group is left behind (U. S. Department of Education, 2001). Diversity has caused a great impact in education. In order to be an effective teacher, he or she must offer quality teaching, Teachers need to develop a well-develop curriculum where all the class can be involved and where non-English students can feel a desire to learn. Having a well-organized classroom is also important for the student; teachers can put up pictures of different countries or different areas of the world in order to make the student feel important. In the book it states that teachers mush established a culturally responsive environment where all the students are giving the opportunity to learn, this includes encouraging acceptance of students’ native speech patterns and acknowledging the cultural heritages of all ethnic groups and developing ethnic and cultural pride (Armstrong, Henson, Savage, 2009). Teachers need to keep in mind that many of her students can have English as their second language so they have to develop a way where they can have an effective communication. Language is the foundation of our perceptions, communication and daily interaction (Otto, 2010). Language is important for everyone to communicate, it is important for children to not just acquire their language, but for some children it is important to acquire a second language. Learning about diversity in schools made me realized how blessed we are and how many benefits we have this country. Many people see diversity education as a negative issue and they even agree school should be a privilege, but if school was a privilege many of these students would not be able to study in an elementary, middle or high school. Many people see these students as intruders and they think they should go back to their original country. â€Å"The U. S. Supreme Court ruled unanimously in 1925 that parents have a constitutional right to determine their childrens education, as long as they are being educated†( Kirkpatrick, 2001). Talking about this issue made me feel upset at the beginning because many of the students agree that illegal immigrants were breaking the law and they did not deserve to be giving the opportunity to get any grants to study in United States. There are so many smart children out here that if they could they would take advantage of any opportunity they were giving to educate themselves. For many of these students school is a privilege, they have to work hard in order to earn a degree, but if these students do not have the funds to educate themselves it’s like a putting a brick wall in front of their future. Most children on low income societies cannot afford costly books, computers, or laboratories. In such societies, bare literacy is sometimes all that the people can afford (Vikas, S. , 2009). According to the National Center for Educational Statistics the status dropout rates for Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics declined between 1980 and 2007. However, for each year during that period, the status dropout rate was lower for Whites and Blacks than for Hispanics, although dropout rates have decline in the last years (National Center for Educational Statistics, 2009). I believe Hispanics rates in drop out are always going to be higher because of the lack of funds these students have in order to continue with their education. Unless there is program that permits Hispanics, that cannot afford education because of their legal status, to keep on studying for free beyond high school, these students will not see an open door and they will keep on dropping from High Schools. It made me sad to know that many of the student drop out before finishing high school, but I see why they do it. Many of them do not see a future, why are they going to keep on going, why finish the race when they know there is no trophy for them at the end of the race. Many of them drop out and preferred to work at a restaurant or a construction site where they know they are going to earn money instead of â€Å"wasting† their time in school. Education should be a right for everyone that has the desire to study, for everyone that has the desire to learn and better their future. Many times students don’t get out of the poverty level because they are not giving the opportunity to better themselves while others take education opportunities for granted. Speech and Language Impairment is one of the disabilities that teaches spend more time instructing about. No matter what the students disability is they need to be treated fairly and they should all be praised equally, teachers should never put a student down because of their impediment or disability, this can interfered with the student’s ability to learn. This course has taught me how education is changing over time; I can see a clear perspective on how teachers need to teach today. I am able to see that technology is one of the main changes that have happen throughout the year but technology is just another tool for teacher to teach. Technology is something that children are growing with and teachers need to implement technology in their classrooms. Everything that I learned in this course will be able to help me understand the way children are educated. What to expect to see in a classroom, such as computers, projectors, tech board and other tech materials. I should also expect to see the diversity of students. Recognizing each child’s background and making it important in the teacher’s life is necessary for every child. It is important to recognize and understand how to meet the needs of language diversity students. Teachers should model a positive perspective by creating a positive learning environment and building on first language competencies and developing a community of learners (Otto, 2010). All the principles that I learned about in this course would be able to help me in the road to become a better and an effective teacher. I can see that education is totally different in than 20 years ago. Introducing technology in classrooms is a â€Å"must† in order to prepare our children to be valuable to society. Teaching a diversity class is something that teachers need to prepare for because the reality is that most of our schools are in diversity communities. I will be able to learn how to prepare a well- develop curriculum where I have to include every single one of my students regardless of speech, language or mental needs. And I will be able to develop an assessment plan with what I need for my students to achieve.

The Giver Essay Research Paper Billy The free essay sample

The Giver Essay, Research Paper Billy The Giver By: Lois Lowry In a futurist community, where the narrative takes topographic point, everyone in the town has all their determinations made for them. They merely get privileges when they become a certain age and when it is clip for them to acquire a occupation they are given one by a determination devising commission. The people in this town Don # 8217 ; t even acquire to pick when they are allowed to acquire a bike and what fabrics they want to have on. They can # 8217 ; t even see colour. The chief character in this narrative is Jonas. He is about 12 old ages old, about the clip when you are told what you will make for the remainder of your life. He, along with the remainder of the kids about to turn 12, travel to the # 8220 ; ceremonial # 8221 ; . One by one everyone gets their function in the community. We will write a custom essay sample on The Giver Essay Research Paper Billy The or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When it is Jonas # 8217 ; s turn he gets skipped, but at the terminal he is told that he will be the new giver. The following hebdomad he goes into preparation. The giver begins giving him memories by puting his custodies on Jonas # 8217 ; s bare back. Jonas starts to # 8220 ; receive† the memories so. At first they were of snow and good things. Then he started seeing colourss. Finally he learns of hurting, war and agony. He starts to experience betrayed by the community. He had been told all his life that when person is no longer effectual, they are # 8220 ; released # 8221 ; . He thought that this meant they were sent to a different community but they were truly being injected with something that killed them. Jonas and the Giver make up ones mind it is best that he seek and get away from the town on his motorcycle. He fakes a decease so him and his small brother, Gabriel, can travel and happen a topographic point where everyone is free. They ride for hebdomads, until they ran out of nutrient. It was get downing to acquire cold, but they pressed on. They found a sled at the top of a hill and with his last strength he and Gabriel sledded down to their concluding finish where everyone made their ain picks and made their ain memories. I liked this narrative because it helped me recognize that I shouldn # 8217 ; Ts take anything for granted because some twenty-four hours it may non be at that place.

Project Management in Team Dynamics Essay Example

Project Management in Team Dynamics Paper Project Management in Team Dynamics Project Management has been a major aspect in Team Dynamics, throughout the years in project planning. Project Management has prepared a way to plan, arrange and supervise resources, so that team projects will be more consistent in production and quality. Project Management has many features that make a team more reliable and dependable. For example, defining the goal and objectives; participates in a team; checkpoints to identify the project progress; standard and guidelines; and a communication plan. If the dynamics of project management are mplemented accurately, it will be beneficial in saving money, time, be more reliable and you will have job satisfaction. Project Management is an excellent tool to utilize in any business. It will bring success to any project or task. Defining objectives and goals help teams to identify what they are striving for. Every team member must be familiar with the objectives and goals or the cause for being call a t eam. Without an objective or a goal, project management does not have a position. Objectives and goals are the main reason for Team Dynamics, to have something to achieve. Many team members may have different assignments, but they will all have similar goals in a team project. â€Å" Goal are the glue that hold a team together† (Temme Katzel, 1995, p. 1). Team members is the structure of Team Dynamics. Each member must have a role and responsibilities to make everyone feel like a part of the team. A team leader/ team manager is required to assist and support the team, to make certain that all the team demands are met. â€Å" A team is not a team unless the members have a common purpose† (Temme Katzel, 1995, p. 1). A goal is needed to have intention for the team. We will write a custom essay sample on Project Management in Team Dynamics specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Project Management in Team Dynamics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Project Management in Team Dynamics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer An excellent way to set team goals is to composition a charter, so that each member will have a contribution on each individuals goals. A Charter will help set team guidelines and ground rules, so members will know what is expected. A checkpoint is present to see where everyone stands and the progress of the project. The Project Management Methodology (1997) stated, The checkpoints will also act as an opportunity for you to compare your plan against what you have completed and verify that your are still on track with the original project plan. At this point, you might need to dd or subtract items in affect resetting the expectations you have previously set. It is very important to measure your not just blow through each of the checkpoint. (para. 1) Checkpoint keeps everyone focus on the goal and objectives that were set. Another key factor in Project Management is standards. What are the standards or qualifications that is needed to have a successful project or task? Standards add gu idance or guidelines to know what is required of the finish project. If there are no standards to pursue, the project will not have a purpose or goal. Standards are like a goal to accomplish. Every project has standards or guidelines to follow to assure that the major goal is achieve. There are several techniques to measure standards in a project, for instant, there is a measurement in time, quantity, size, shape and color etc. There is no specific measurement; it is according to the final project goal. A successful team is required to have a communication plan so that each member in the team will be inform of the project status, changes, and issues. The Method 123 (2003) stated, â€Å"To ensure that communication within your project is clear, concise, relevant and timely- you will need to create a â€Å"Communication Plan†(para 1). In a team meeting, the team will address their ideas and issues. Team meetings will help you and your team members collaborate on each other’s ideas and views. Team meeting and good communication will also keep your team on the right track. Project Management has many benefits that make a project successful and profitable. The PSA Project (2005) stated, . Project Management was developed to save time on a project by planning it out and considering all relevant factors which may affect its outcome. The benefits are proven it saves time and money, and generates a more successful (para. ). Project Management also adds consistency and value to Team Dynamics. With project management, organizations has gain enormous success in profits. It is the solution to a successful project or task. In conclusion, managing projects takes planning and organizing. Project Management has a lot of key elements to make planning a project easier, faster and consistent. A good preparation to a task wi ll bring countless of benefit and profit to a project, which is the most important target in any project. References Project Management Methodology (1997). Methodology in a Box. Retrieved November 24, 2007, from http://www. dabcc. com/miab/miab30/Project-Management-2. -Project-Management-Met hodology-MIAB- 3. aspx PSA Project . (2005). Benefits of Successful Project Management . Retrieved November 25, 2007, from http://www. psaproject. com. au/default. asp Method123. (2003). CommunicationsPlanning. Retrieved January 29, 2007, from http://www. method123. com/articles/2007/01/29/Communications-Plan/ Temme, Jim. , Katzel, Jeanine. (1995). Calling a team a team doesnt mean that it is: successful teamwork must be a way of life. Plant Engineering , 49(1), 112.

Essay on Applied Project ManagementEssay Writing Service

Essay on Applied Project ManagementEssay Writing Service Essay on Applied Project Management Essay on Applied Project ManagementApplied Project ManagementAssignment 1The project focuses on the development of the new sport nutrition brand and the introduction of the sport nutrition line oriented on athletes practicing diverse sports. The point of the introduction of the new sport nutrition is to introduce the universal sport nutrition to reach the broader customer group compared to traditional sport nutrition products oriented on the specific customer group depending on their particular sport.The project is located in the New York City, New York, US. The choice of the location is determined by the proximity of the major sport arenas, the high popularity of sports, and the large number of people, who practice sport professionally as well as amateurs, who practice sport on the regular basis and may need sport nutrition.The owner and sponsor of the new sport nutrition brand will be a renowned sportsman, who may also promote the new brand and help to draw the attention of many sp ortspersons to the new brand. The celebrity endorsement will help to popularize the new sport nutrition not only among professional sportspersons but also among amateurs.The name of the project manager is John Smith.The general picture of the project’s outcome functioning involves the development of the mass production of the sport nutrition for professional sportspersons and amateurs. The project aims at taking its share in the New York City market but, in a long-run perspective, the success of the project may contribute to the further implementation of the project in other large cities of the US.The vision or dream of the project’s outcome functioning involves the creation of the renowned and popular brand that will attract customers from the US with a possibility of entering international markets. However, the vision of the project implies bringing healthy and effective sport nutrition to help sportspersons to stay healthy and keep progressing in their professional (sport) development without taking drugs or banned substances.The phase of the project is the development one since the project is in the course of its development. To put it more precisely, the project is at the phase of the planning and design, since the vision of the project has been already shaped and its purposes and the general framework of the implementation of the project is relatively clear. The current plan focuses on the scope, time, cost and risks associated with the current project.The client’s representatives is the major sponsor of the project, the sportsman, who will also participate in the project. Alternatively, he may recommend a representative of a sport organization or public representative, who works with sportspersons and sport organizations. These representatives may participate in the project to ensure the quality and safety of the new sport nutrition since they will have the right and opportunity to monitor results of the tests and FDA’s contr ol of the new sport nutrition. In addition, they may be even involved in the development of the project helping to identify key features that clients are looking in sport nutrition.There are several groups of the stakeholders involved in or affected by the project. First, owners of the new business are among the key stakeholders because their investments and reputation are at stake along with their future in the business and their further professional and business development. Second, professionals involved in the development and production of sport nutrition comprise another group of stakeholders. They are concerned with the overall success of the project because their further employment depends on whether the project is successful or not. In addition, there are customers, who comprise another important group of stakeholders because customers will consume sport nutrition and their response will be very important for the ultimate success or failure of the sport nutrition. On the oth er hand, customers will benefit, if the project is successful, because they will receive the high quality sport nutrition that helps them to maintain a good physical shape and keep progressing in their professional (sport) development. Indirectly, local community members will be also affected by the project and may be viewed as stakeholders. First, local community members will benefit, if the business runs successfully, because the new business will pay taxes and, thus, contribute to the development of the local community. Second, local community members will benefit because the new sport nutrition may help more people to practice sport that will contribute to the overall improvement of the public health in the local community. Finally, if the project succeeds, local community members may be employed that means the creation of new jobs in the local community to manufacture and distribute the new sport nutrition.The purpose of the project is to plan and design the project of the intr oduction of the new sport nutrition developed for the broad customer group and sponsored by a renowned sportsman with the focus on New York market, at the moment, with prospects of the further market expansion nationwide and internationally, in a long-run perspective. The distinct feature of the new product is its universal nature that means that the sport nutrition supplied by the new brand will be useful and available to all customers, regardless of their level of training and their needs. Customers will just choose how much of the product they need to maintain the target physical shape and to rehabilitate after intensive training or sport events.The project will involve planning and designing the project for the introduction of the new brand and its products into the market of the New York City, New York, US. The new brand will create the sport nutrition for individuals practicing sports at the professional as well as amateur level. The distThe context of the project involves the growing popularity of sports in the US, especially in large cities, such as New York. As sport becomes extremely popular in the US, including the target market, New York, the company introducing the new sport nutrition product can benefit from the introduction of the new product because it can count on a potentially large customer group. In fact, the current social, economic, political and technological environment is currently favorable for the introduction of the new product. The current social environment is favorable due to the growing popularity of sports in the target market. As a result, more and more people start practicing sports that means that they will need sport nutrition that will help them to maintain their physical shape and keep progressing in their sport development.The economic environment is also favorable for the development of business. Even though the competition in the sport nutrition industry is tight, the new sport nutrition can take a strong position in t he market due to its universal nature.The political environment is also favorable because both the local and federal government are interested in the growth of business activities that leads to loyal government policies that stimulate companies to develop their business and expand their presence in the US.Essay on Applied Project Management    part 2

Global governance Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Global governance - Coursework Example Every nation has its own laws, but due to the existing shared resources such as the oceans, the atmosphere, and climate among others, the necessity of global governance on such environmental issues has to be in place, to protect the environment and the biodiversity. There are series of environmental challenges which span several nations, regions, and eventually the entire globe causing serious harm. Some of the main global governance issues relating to the environment include health, energy, hazardous chemicals, green house gas emissions, invasive species and polluted water, and depleting resources. Truly, it is each nation’s and its societies’ responsibility to safeguard the environment, but their efforts are too small to handle the increasing issues; hence international cooperation has to take responsibility, by enforcing policies to guide and discipline nations. Health Issues The increasing health problems are matters of global concern, especially now when the transm ission of diseases, either sexually, contact or airborne is on the rise. New diseases are emerging, all threatening the lives of the global population, who have unrestricted movements across different boundaries. Health problems are wide, but the growth of global health partnerships is helping to address majority of them. ‘Health threats such as HIV/AIDS, influenza, SARS, or avian flu threaten every country and the global community as a whole, due to the rapid spread based on global travel and mobility; their impact is frequently very serious in economic terms.’2 Some of the diseases are arising or spreading due to human, economic, and social actions, which could be regulated easily to counter the diseases. Nations are spending huge amounts of money that could be drained in other sectors, to assist the citizens to meet the costs of treatment of these diseases. Food processing, alcohol, and tobacco companies have been accused of being channels that steer certain diseases like Diabetes and cancers within the societies. As financing healthcare continues to be a political issue, inequalities in accessing health care still persist with nations like the United States spending $7285, while developing nations such as Eritrea and Myanmar may have to spend less than $10 per individual annually.3 Often, human health has a relation with the health of the ecosystem; hence environmental degradation does not affect terrestrial organisms only, but generally lead to diseases that are severe to human health than infectious diseases. Malaria is partly attributed to environmental changes arising from human activities for economic gain. Parts of the Amazons, Peru, and Bangladesh demonstrate increasing malaria cases, as the clearing of the forests left pools of water bodies, creating ideal sites for mosquitoes to breed; these human caused changes encourage mosquitoes movement into areas populated by humans as their habitats are destroyed.4 This problem is also a health problem in Africa, since the tropics are much warmer due to deforestation activities, influencing organisms’ evolution (insects tend to live longer and breed faster than before) and as they migrate to other newer environments,

Physilogical birth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Physilogical birth - Essay Example Physiologic birth is often relegated in the periphery, particularly by nurses tasked with giving care to pregnant women on the verge of the delivery process. Noteworthy, it is utterly pointless to intervene if such is not necessary. Physiological birth should, thus, be promoted to erase the horrible birth memories. As Jenifer Block notes in her piece titled â€Å"Pushed: The Painful Truth about Childbirth and Modern Maternity Care†, a woman is more likely to have a positive birth experience when she feels in control. Such thoughts and emotions lessen the impact of labor pains. Interestingly, the doulas, the check –box birth plan, the Bradley method, Lamaze, and hypnobirthing classes –all give women some sense of control. The question is, if all these give pregnant women the needed control, then â€Å"why are there only 20% having optimal birth experiences, with a whooping 43% suffering morbidity in childbirth?† asks Block (2007). The answer seems quite straight forward as it is; a great deal of misunderstanding exists over what physiological birth really means. Consequently, that very misunderstanding finds its way to ruin that special moment of happiness due to knowledge inadequacy. While Obstetricians are trained to intervene in cases of emergencies, it is important to incorporate the perceptive lenses of natural birth when rendering care to the laboring women. As a specialist trained in this area, I will not only spread the very importance of physiological birth, beginning with my own family, but ensure as a medic that I only intervene when it is absolutely

Ethical matter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethical matter - Essay Example , at times the information given by the client may at some extent pose some actual and potential risks to the client and his immediate family or relatives. Therefore, it is advisable that information discussed during the session should not at any cost lead to a sour relationship between the client and the psychologist. In this particular scenario, the client is a family man with a wife and two little kids. When this family man books an appointment with the psychologist as any other client would do, the psychologist is certain that this is another case of the usual clients, he has been handling. Conversely, when they go down to the discussion, the psychologist realizes that this is a case of an ‘unusual client’. It emerges that the client problem; that of another woman whom he is dating and probably planning to settle down with happens to be the psychologist‘s sister. The issue affects the psychologist, the client, his wife, his kids and the preferred wife who is the psychologist’s sister. The decision that is expected by the client puts the psychologist in a peculiar position. Needless to mention, even though the psychologist would want to justify the situation of the client leaving his wife and kids for the psychologist’s sister, he has the fear of letting his sister settle down with the client because she could also experience the same situation that is been experienced by the client’s current wife and kids. The ethical rule demands that the psychologist scrutinizes and assess the client’s case and gives professional advice that is fair to all the parties concerned without involving his emotions (Banyard 10). The psychologist’s ethical decision is also reliant on what the culture dictates about marriage and divorce. In case, ‘their’ culture allows for separation and/or divorce, he may clarify to the client of what is expected of him. He should also expound to him on what the law dictates on separation with the inclusion of children. In

Effects of multitasking on human physiological

Effects of multitasking on human physiological It is believed by scientists that rather than simultaneous attending to all tasks at once, what really happens during multitasking is a rapid change of focus between tasks. While research supports the fact that highly practiced skills can be easily performed while one is thinking about something else, but the addition of a task that requires decision making switches ones attention to that task. When people perform higher level tasks, they are using the cognitive function called executive control This function is housed in prefrontal cortex. The part of the brain associated with perception and thinking. Executive control is the brains supervisor for most cognitive functioning. It establishes priorities, decides what tasks are the most important, and assigns mental resources to completing the tasks. Executive control has 2 main activities: goal shifting and rule activation. Although these activities take only several tenths of a second, the repeated need to switch between tasks can add extra time for performing both tasks. Management of short term memory is another fundamental aspect of multitasking. C:UsersShreyaDesktopmultitasking flowchart_files2780600401001.png Factors affecting multitasking behaviours and information task switching. Brain: We are learning a lot more each day. Advance of brain imaging and functional brain imaging (what our brain does when we challenge it) has clarified us to what happens when we multitask. Our brains are not very adapted for multiple streams of information at the same time but rather focussing at a paticular direction. When we do things that require a great deal of attention as compared to walking while chewing gum what happens is we switch between two things. And with each switch there is cost of performance that occurs. A surprising discovery tells us that people who multitask most frequently think they are the best at it. But actually thay are the worst at any important task at multitasking. One might question then what are the so called multitaskers good at? A study revealed that when we talk on phone while driving we get better at it with time. What actually happens is that they filter out the road as they are involved in a conversation. As ironically high multitaskers are bad at filtering out the road actually see the road more and drive a little better. Swithching of attention occurs in a region right behind the forehead called Brodmanns Area 10 in the brains anterior prefrontal cortex as seen in MRI. Area 10 is part of the frontal lobes, which are important for maintaining long-term goals and achieving them . The most anterior part allows us to leave something when its incomplete and return to the same place and continue from there.This gives us a form of multitasking, which is actually sequential processing. Because the prefrontal cortex is one of the last regions of the brain to mature and one of the first to decline with aging, young children do not multitask well, and neither do most adults over 60. Addiction: Its our desire and need to be engaged to novelty, its well known that novel stimuli or enviorment arouse the reward system and this is part of what allowed us to be engaged by novelty. Multitasking has a higher novel load and to continiously switch to a new task feels exciting. This sort of interaction with multitasking leads to addictive levels in people. And people crave for this type of stimuli. Research reveals that most high multitaskers believe that new information is better than old information.Where as low multitaskers believe that the information they are working with is more valuable.It is seen that younger people look at information because they feel something thrilling is happening out there, for older people who check their e-mails dont want to get away. Stress and hormonal activity: Whenever demands exceed abilities, stress is bound to follow. Multitasking is espicially stressful when the tasks are important, as they often are on the job. Its said that brain responds to impossible demands by pumping out adrenaline and other stress hormones that put a person on edge. These hormoes provide a quick burst of energy wont make multitasking easier. Just like an old pickup cant go 150 miles per hour no matter how much fuel you put in he tank or how hard you step on the gas. Over time of stress of multitasking may even become dangerous. Results show that a steady flow stress hormones can strain the body and threaten the health. As recently reported by the American National Institute for Occupational Saftey and Health, numerous studies found out that on-the-job stress can cause headache, stomach problems and sleep disorders. Chronic work-related problems can lead to chronic problems includind back pain, hear disease and depression. Studies reveal that our bodies release hormone called cortisol during stress, caused due to multitasking. Cortisol is needed to carry out various functions in the body but incresed levels of cortisol results in high BP, sleep problems, weakness of immune system, imbalances in blood sugar levels etc. Thinking: Deep hard thinking, the type required when we write a paprer or read a complicated news story, has been tremendiously compromised . Multitasking either prevents you to do that or wonderfully allows us to avoid it. Hearing: Broadbents theory of selective attention, is based on his dichotic listening experiments that required his subjects to shadow speech messages in one ear while ignoring the messages in the other ear. Broadbent concluded that little if any content from the non attended ear is remembered. From these observations Broadbent proposed that there is limited porcessing channel that information is filtered through from a sensory porcessing stage on its way to a short-term memory store or buffer. From here information may be processed further before being transmitted into a long-term memory store. When this channel becomes over loaded, such as in dichotic listening experiments, some of the information is filtered out while other information is selected for further processing.The filtering mechanism selects inputs based on different physical cues from the stimulus input, such as location in space, and/or frequency. Vocal music can be distracting while instrumental music can aid in learning as it helps funnel out distractions in few people. Memory: Various experiments are conducted where participants are asked to learn a list of words presented visually while listening for the occurrence of certain digit strings presented through the adiutory channel. They are then tested for memory of the word list. Different variations have been investigated including different modalities, the same modalities, task difficulty, the effects of practice, the effects of eother primary or secondary task on performance, and testing during encoding and reterival. Almost without exception performance on one or both tasks suffers a decrement as a direct result of having to perform the two tasks simultaneously. Beeps in study disrupted declerative memory (eg. When we recall what we did last weekend).For tasks performed with distractions hippocampus of the barin was not involved (necessay for processing, storing and recalling information. But infact the straitum was involved. Straitum is a part of brain system that underlies our ability to mearn new skills. Multitasking makes it more likely to rely on striatum to learn. Thus multitasking changes the way people think. Vision: In an investigation performed by Australian College of Road Saftey interaction between visual impairment and multitasking was performed. It revealed that multitasking (like talking on the phone or using in-vehicle navigational devices) had a significant detrimental impact upon driving performances. Multi-tasking further exacerbated the effects of visual impairment, where the visual dual task had a greater detrimental effect on driving performance than the auditory dual task (p Motor activity: An experiment was performed to find out the effects of multitasking on muscle activity . Muscles of the upper extremity were examined.The thesis inspected concurrent grip and shoulder extensions with additional and simultaneous demands of task precision and mental processing. It concluded that incerased mental loads, when combined with physical work, have the potential to interfere with task performance and likely elicit elevated levels of muscle activity. Some research shows the relationship between stimulation and performance forms a bellcurve: a little stimulationwhether its coffee or a blaring soundtrackcan boostperformance, but too much is stressful and causes a fall-off.

Essay --

Kashif Basaria Ms. Weaver English 2 Honors 7 January, 2014 Preventing Medical Malpractice It is unfortunate to say that medical malpractice is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Medical malpractice is defined as negligence committed by a medical professional. Malpractice lawsuits have existed in the United States for more than 150 years, most of which were never pursued in court. Medical malpractice is interfering with patients’ rights as well as demanding high costs. However, medical malpractice can be overcome by managing the costs involved, and by regulating, enforcing and advocating patient rights. The most common medical malpractice claims are mainly from missed diagnoses. Their common result was, unfortunately, death, found in fifteen percent and forty eight percent of the cases filed. Most common cases involving missed diagnoses for adults were cancer and heart attacks (Jaslow). Other cases that were common were ectopic pregnancies, appendicitis, and fractures of the bone. Most missed diagnoses involving children were cancers, and meningitis (Jaslow). On account to this, Doctor Richard E. Anderson, chairman and CEO of the physician-operated medical malpractice insurer, The Doctors Company, says, â€Å"nobody benefits but lawyers†¦But the second message is [that] medical care is too expensive, we’re ordering too many tests† (Jaslow). Stated from the quote above, â€Å"too many tests† appear to be unnecessary and unwanted tests. Apart from this, some cases regarded the patient’s lack of attention to their disease or disorder. Not only is it the doctor’s responsibility to look after the patient, but it is also the patient’s responsibility to be attentive and persistent about their health and the health care provide... ... a health problem, incorrect supervision of medication to a patient, faulty or sub-standard performance of a diagnosis, surgery, or any other type of procedure, inadequate use of medical tools and instruments and devices and their lack of maintenance, and negligence towards patient records, test results, or any other kind of documentation (Goguen). Although, the list of problems and causes of medical malpractice seems rather endless and long, it can be cut short. Some ways to prevent and avoid malpractice or medical error is to be aware and involved. A doctor can take note of their patient and their medical history. A patient can be aware of their surroundings and the treatment that they are receiving. A patient’s safety should be a doctor’s primary concern, because it is their responsibility to tend to patients needs and to assist them to a proper nourished life.

Effects of Civil War on Women

There are several changes that the Civil War brought to civilian society and some of these are the following: First of all, the United States of America have been brought back together, which also means that the States from the Southern portions were not given the permission to break away or become independent (Effects.. , 2006). Second, the Southern areas were â€Å"placed under military rule and divided into military districts† (Effects.., 2006). This also caused these areas to â€Å"apply for readmission to the Union† (Effects.. , 2006). Third, the national or Federal government has proven itself to the civilians that its power may not at all be surpassed by the States (Effects.. , 2006). Fourth, the Civil War resulted in the liberation of slaves (Effects.. , 2006). Fifth, the Civil War established plans for the country’s â€Å"Reconstruction† (Effects.. , 2006).The â€Å"Reconstruction† was the government’s plan to deal with the following direct effects of the civil war: 1) the freedom of slaves resulted in problems with regard to housing, clothing, food, and employment; 2) the economic ruin led to having no money, closed banks, low supply of commodities, destruction of railroads and bridges, and devastation of plantation and crops; and 3) the defeat of the confederacy led to the South’s not having any government (Effects.. , 2006). Last but not least, industrialism was established because during the war, production increased, as well as, several new technologies were added (Effects.., 2006).The aforementioned became possible because of the following: 1) the freedom of slaves; 2) the economic ruin in the South; and c) the defeat of the confederacy (Effects.. , 2006). Effects of Civil War on Women During the Civil War, women were given the opportunity to assume roles that people believed only men can carry out, for instance, â€Å"as nurses, government clerks, factory workers, family farmers, factory workers, some even disguised as a man to serve in the military service, etc. † (Encarta, 2007). This was the beginning of the triumph of gender equality since this upheld the gender roles (Encarta, 2007).

The Unusual History of Microsoft Windows

The Unusual History of Microsoft Windows On November 10, 1983, at the Plaza Hotel in New York City, Microsoft Corporation formally announced Microsoft Windows, a next-generation operating system that would provide a graphical user interface (GUI) and a multitasking environment for IBM computers. Introducing Interface Manager Microsoft promised that the new product would be on the shelf by April 1984. Windows might have been released under the original name of Interface Manager if marketing whiz, Rowland Hanson had not convinced Microsofts founder Bill Gates that Windows was the far better name. Did Windows Get Top View? That same November in 1983, Bill Gates showed a beta version of Windows to IBMs head honchos. Their response was lackluster probably because they were working on their own operating system called Top View. IBM did not give Microsoft the same encouragement for Windows that they gave the other operating system that Microsoft brokered to IBM. In 1981, MS-DOS became the highly successful operating system that came bundled with an IBM computer. Top View was released in February of 1985 as a DOS-based multitasking program manager without any GUI features. IBM promised that future versions of Top View would have a GUI. That promise was never kept, and the program was discontinued barely two years later. A Byte Out of Apple No doubt, Bill Gates realized how profitable a successful GUI for IBM computers would be. He had seen Apples Lisa computer and later the more successful Macintosh or Mac computer. Both Apple computers came with a stunning graphical user interface. Wimps Side Note: Early MS-DOS diehards liked to refer to MacOS (Macintosh operating system)as WIMP, an acronym for the Windows, Icons, Mice and Pointers interface. Competition As a new product, Microsoft Windows faced potential competition from IBMs own Top View, and others. VisiCorps short-lived VisiOn, released in October 1983, was the official first PC-based GUI. The second was GEM (Graphics Environment Manager), released by Digital Research in early 1985. Both GEM and VisiOn lacked support from the all-important third-party developers. Since, if nobody wanted to write software programs for an operating system, there would be no programs to use, and nobody would want to buy it. Microsoft finally shipped Windows 1.0 on November 20, 1985, almost two years past the initially promised release date.    Microsoft become the top software vendor in 1988 and never looked back - Microsoft Corporation    Apple Bytes Back Microsoft Windows version 1.0 was considered buggy, crude, and slow. This rough start was made worse by a threatened lawsuit from  Apple Computers. In September 1985, Apple lawyers warned  Bill Gates  that Windows 1.0 infringed on Apple  copyrights  and  patents, and that his corporation stoled Apples trade secrets. Microsoft Windows had similar drop-down menus, tiled windows and mouse support. Deal of the Century Bill Gates and his head counsel Bill Neukom, decided to make an offer to license features of Apples operating system. Apple agreed and a contract was drawn up. Heres the clincher: Microsoft wrote the  licensing  agreement to include use of Apple features in Microsoft Windows version 1.0 and all future Microsoft software programs. As it turned out, this move by  Bill Gates  was as brilliant as his decision to buy QDOS from Seattle Computer Products and his convincing IBM to let Microsoft keep the licensing rights to MS-DOS. (You can read all about those smooth moves in our feature on  MS-DOS.) Windows 1.0 floundered on the market until January 1987, when a Windows-compatible program called Aldus PageMaker 1.0 was released. PageMaker was the first WYSIWYG desktop-publishing program for the PC. Later that year, Microsoft released a Windows-compatible spreadsheet called Excel. Other popular and useful software like Microsoft Word and Corel Draw helped promote Windows, however, Microsoft realized that Windows needed further development. Microsoft Windows Version 2.0 On December 9, 1987, Microsoft released a much-improved Windows version 2.0 that made Windows based computers look more like a  Mac. Windows 2.0 had icons to represent programs and files, improved support for expanded-memory hardware and windows that could overlap. Apple Computer saw a resemblance and filed a 1988 lawsuit against Microsoft, alleging that they had broken the 1985 licensing agreement. Copy This Will You In their defense, Microsoft claimed that the licensing agreement actually gave them the rights to use Apple features. After a four-year court case, Microsoft won. Apple claimed that Microsoft had infringed on 170 of their copyrights. The courts said that the licensing agreement gave Microsoft the rights to use all but nine of the copyrights, and Microsoft later convinced the courts that the remaining copyrights should not be covered by copyright law. Bill Gates claimed that Apple had taken ideas from the graphical user interface developed by Xerox for Xeroxs Alto and Star computers. On June 1, 1993, Judge Vaughn R. Walker of the U.S. District Court of Northern California ruled in Microsofts favor in the Apple vs. Microsoft Hewlett-Packard copyright suit. The judge granted Microsofts and Hewlett-Packards motions to dismiss the last remaining copyright infringement claims against Microsoft Windows versions 2.03 and 3.0, as well as HP NewWave. What would have happened if Microsoft had lost the lawsuit? Microsoft Windows might never have become the dominant operating system that it is today. On May 22, 1990, the critically accepted Windows 3.0 was released. Windows 3.0 had an improved program manager and icon system, a new file manager, support for sixteen colors, and improved speed and reliability. Most important, Windows 3.0 gained widespread third-party support. Programmers started writing Windows-compatible software, giving end users a reason to buy Windows 3.0. Three million copies were sold the first year, and Windows finally came of age. On April 6, 1992, Windows 3.1 was released. Three million copies were sold in the first two months. TrueType scalable font support was added, along with multimedia capability, object linking and embedding (OLE), application reboot capability, and more. Windows 3.x became the number one operating system installed in PCs until 1997, when Windows 95 took over. Windows 95 On August 24, 1995, Windows 95 was released in a buying fever so great that even consumers without home computers bought copies of the program. Code-named Chicago, Windows 95 was considered very user-friendly. It included an integrated TCP/IP stack, dial-up networking, and long filename support. It was also the first version of Windows that did not require  MS-DOS  to be installed beforehand. Windows 98 On June 25, 1998, Microsoft released Windows 98. It was the last version of Windows based on the MS-DOS kernel. Windows 98 has Microsofts Internet browser Internet Explorer 4 built in and supported new input devices like USB. Windows 2000 Windows 2000 (released in 2000) was based on Microsofts NT technology. Microsoft now offered automatic software updates over the Internet for Windows starting with Windows 2000. Windows XP According to Microsoft, the XP in Windows XP stands for experience, symbolizing the innovative experiences that Windows can offer to personal computer users. Windows XP was released in October 2001 and offered better multi-media support and increased performance. Windows Vista Codenamed Longhorn in its development phase, Windows Vista is the latest edition of Windows.

How to Make a Benzoic Acid Snow Globe

How to Make a Benzoic Acid Snow Globe Its fun and easy to make your own snow globe using water and snow made from glitter or crushed egg shells, but you can use chemistry to make crystal snow that looks a lot more like the real thing. Snow is made from crystals of water. In this project, you precipitate crystals of benzoic acid, which has the advantage of not melting at room temperature. Heres how you make the snow globe: Snow Globe Materials baby food jar or ointment jar (~4 oz)1 g benzoic acidwaterbeaker or pyrex measuring cuphot plate or microwave or coffee makerstirring rod or spoonhot glue gundecoration to glue to the bottom of the snow globe, like a small plastic toyforceps or tweezerselectrical tape (optional) Assemble the Snow Globe There are a couple of ways to do this. There is my do-it-at-home method and then what you might want to do in a lab. Lets start with the lab instructions...In a 250 ml flask, stir 1 g benzoic acid into 75 ml of water.Heat the solution to dissolve the benzoic acid. You do not need to boil the water.Alternatively, you can measure 75 ml (5 tablespoons) of water that you heated in a microwave or coffee maker. Dissolve the benzoic acid in the hot water.Put down a bead of hot glue on the inside of the jar lid (or you can put it on the bottom of a clean, dry jar if you dont plan to invert the sealed jar).Use tweezers or forceps to position your decoration in the glue.While the glue is cooling, take a look at your benzoic acid solution. As it approaches room temperature, the benzoic acid will precipitate out of solution to form snow. The rate of cooling affects the snow. Slow cooling produces fine crystals. Quick cooling produces something more like snowballs than snowflakes.Pour the room-te mperature benzoic acid solution into the glass jar. Fill the jar as full as possible with water. Air pockets will cause the benzoic acid to form clumps.Put the lid on the jar. If desired, seal the jar with hot glue or electrical tape.Gently shake the jar to see the pretty snow! How the Snow Works Benzoic acid doesnt readily dissolve in room temperature water, but if you heat the water the solubility of the molecule is increased (similar to dissolving sugar in water to make rock candy). Cooling the solution causes the benzoic acid to precipitate back into solid form. Slow cooling of the solution allows the benzoic acid to form prettier, more snow-like flakes than if you had simply mixed benzoic acid powder with water. The cooling rate of water into ice affects how real snow appears, too. Safety Tips Benzoic acid is used as a preservative in food, so as chemicals go it is pretty safe. However, pure benzoic acid can be very irritating to skin and mucous membranes (heres an MSDS for you). Also, it can be toxic if large quantities are ingested. So... wear gloves and eye protection when preparing your solution. Excess solution can be washed down the drain (can neutralize it with baking soda first if you like). I wouldnt recommend this project for very young children. It should be fine for grade school kids with adult supervision. Its mainly intended as a fun project for teens and adults. The snow globe is not a toy- you dont want young children taking it apart and drinking the solution.

Country Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Country Report - Essay Example Nonetheless the country is on the verge of transformation into a potentially successful economy. This report has been prepared for the CEO of the ‘Read the World’, a British origin company, that has appointed the consultancy firm for the purpose of evaluating the market for books in Vietnam and present the threats and opportunities that exist in the country. The report focuses on the social initiative of Read the World that functions with the aim of designing and producing educational books and magazines for the needy people in developing markets. Economic Environment of Vietnam Back in the year 1986, Vietnam started off liberalizing its economy. Once it opened its doors to encourage foreign direct investment in various sectors, a considerable jump has been noticed in the number of foreign organizations and western companies entering into the country. In the South East Asian region, Vietnam has emerged as a significant economic power. With the initiation of the renovatio n policy in the year 1986, the country has been able to fetch a sustainable high GDP growth rate during the past decade. With the GDP growth rate of 8.4 percent in the year 2005, the country has been able to the address the issue of poverty. ... Still, there are more possibilities to spread the advantages of the rapid growth in Vietnam’s economy across the globe. The activities in the private sector concentrated across 64 provinces of the nation. The leaders of these provinces have established a regulatory framework which would encourage calculated risk taking by the private entrepreneurs. In the response, with the country’s continual decentralization process, the economic programs of the Asia Foundation have focused on the improvement of the business environment to enhance the private sector competitiveness as well as economic growth (The Asia Foundation, n.d., p. 1-2). Since early 1990s, the Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry (VCCI) and the Asia Foundation together are responsible to promote global business development and economic integration across Vietnam, more specifically the growth among the small and medium enterprises (SMEs). In the year 2002, the Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry (VCCI) and the Asia Foundation shifted their focal point to enhance the provincial governance, further encouraging the sector growth in the private sector. Started off in the year 2002, they initiated a program to find out the reason why some handful provinces have the ability to attract the private sector investment and to address the issue f economic success. This also reflects the eagerness of the respective authorities to make all the provinces equally attractive for the foreign investors. The economic outlook of Vietnam remains greatly positive supported by the government’s determination to comply with WTO. The country has experienced great progress with trade as well as investment reforms. Furthermore, its negotiation over the WTO entry has

Strategic Choice and Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Strategic Choice and Evaluation - Essay Example A grand as well as the generic strategy will also be adopted to enhance growth. Such strategic plan components will guarantee that Wal-Mart remains a leader in the industry (Giudice, Carayannis & Peruta, 2011, pp. 104-105). This paper gives a limelight to the strategic alternatives and offer sound recommendation on the best strategies to implement based on the current climate in the retailing industry. It is undoubtedly obvious that all the value disciplines, including product leadership, customer intimacy, and operational excellence are likely to benefit Wal-Mart in exceptional ways. However, one of the most effective disciplines that the firm can adopt is operational excellence since it will enhance the internal operations and do away with wastes within the internal processes. Using such a value discipline will also continue giving the firm a competitive edge and improve on its logistics as well as purchasing. To do this, it must continue focusing on offering low prices by negotiating with the suppliers to reduce their costs through economies of scale. As a result, this helps it to offer diverse products with competitive service, while at the same time maintaining affordable or reasonable prices. Placing an immense focus on operational excellence will also help in mitigating the prevailing risks in the business world of been undercut on prices by the rival firms such as Target ( Lynch, 2013). Coming up with an excellent supermarket chain that is capable of accommodating growth requires high degree of operational excellence. In that case, the firm must also be focused on adopting projects that boosts productivity and reduces costs. It should also continue investing in information technology to improve on the inventory system, communicate promptly with the suppliers, and deliver the necessary data on time. Continuous improvement on operational excellence will go a long way to improve the firm’s productivity, offer

3 smart goals that the student has for his future Essay

3 smart goals that the student has for his future - Essay Example My goals for the future are to become a criminal lawyer, have greater economic stability and increase my personal self confidence. Criminal law is an exciting field of study which helps an individual to analyse society as well as the various different kinds of people that live within it. It has been my dream to be able to assist people in the name of justice and thus I would like to become a successful criminal lawyer. Crimes are a large part of society today and it has become vital to support just and fair rules; every man thinks he is right and thus I would like to step in there, litigate and be able to provide my expertise and judgement in order to help every individual out of his dilemma and thus help the welfare of society. A good college education will help me become a good criminal lawyer so that I can serve society tomorrow. Getting into a reputed and highly recognized law institute or college will help me to enhance my speaking and arguing skills; not only this but it will also help to provide me with a better environment to learn and nurture my skill and talent. Excellent law schools all over the country help to inculcate the aspect of mooting and debating among the law students and thus, gaining a good college education will help me become a better litigator for the future, and in this way will help me to recognise my goals and aspirations with respect to studying criminal law. Furthermore, getting a good college education will also improve the kind of internships that I undertake because the name of the college I belong to will make a difference to the recruiters. My second aspiration is to gain better economic stability; I will be able to achieve the same only if I am able to do well in life. It is tough to be at a position where every individual is able to get whatever it is that he wants; however, I am ready to accept the challenge and will not falter. I want to be able to reach a level where I am stable

Reflecting on Wisdom Essay Example for Free

Reflecting on Wisdom Essay The one individual that I consider to be very wise is Bishop T.D. Jakes. Even though, I have never met him face-to-face; words spoken by him has inspired mass congregations; as well as me. Opposing to common beliefs, wisdom is not the ability to be knowledgeable about everything, but to a certain extent holding an open mind to additionally enhance comprehensions A wise person considers anything they say before they speak and discuss about area of circumstances he/she knows about and asks questions about the ones he/she are not familiar with. Individuals who have wisdom are inclined to be modest instead of displaying show-offs mentality. A wise individual have a tendency not to be competitive and do not mind if others have the notion to accuse them of being wrong. People with wisdom also know that people will gain knowledge at their own rate and in their own time, therefore not staring down on someone just because they are not equally understood. Wise people have great insight and a gifted ability to articulate it without belittling or embarrassing others. My favorite characteristic of a wise person is their ability to look beyond what is obvious (especially in unfavorable circumstances) and focus on the subject at hand. It must be also being made aware of that wisdoms come from life encounters, mirror image and/or educational training. Bishop T.D. Jakes holds these characteristics traits as an individual of wisdom. Bishop Jakes uses illustrations from his personal experiences in life, in addition to the lives of others which is under his counseling; Bishop Jakes provides pointed guidance on how to shift from battle to triumph, from prey to conqueror. Motivating and revitalizing direct honesty, this is the ultimate source for those seeking to comprehend and care for the love ones in their lives. This lends a hand decoding individual’s often impenetrable conduct which offers one-on-one approaches for better understanding and therapeutic in a person’s affiliations. Books such as, He-Motions written by Bishop T.D.  Jakes h ave put into words precision and prospect to everyone; which help them strengthen their relationships with themselves, others, and with their Savior. It has also given females the explanations they try to find as they communicate to the men they be devoted to. It may seem unbelievable to some because of the fact; a book causing so many people to get nearer as one in relationships and closer to God. Wisdom is that attribute of spirituality by which creates the greatest potential outcome with the greatest potential measures; through ministry and spirituality. Wisdom and intellect-knowledge are not equivalent, yet are strongly associated. Knowledge is obtained by building up information, but wisdom is effects from the approaching of issues that are learned. Knowledge is the bits and pieces made known through which wisdom put together its formation. An individual not educated possibly will be wiser than the most knowledgeable intellectual in actuality time and again are! While speaking of Bishops wisdom, it stands for his capability to formulate flawless conclusions and to accomplish those conclusions by great measures. Bishop in his wisdom makes use of the unlimited knowledge so that he may accomplish his objective in a means which praises God the greatest. All that is done by him seems to be prepared with flawless wisdom. Bishop perceives every thing in its proper relation to everything else, and so He is able to work toward His predestined goals with flawless precision. These are the reason, Bishop T.D. Jakes is known by many as a man of wisdom. He has changed lives through his knowledge of the Bible. There is not any study of more importance or value than a study of the nature and attributes of spirituality. In the past few years, I have been drawn deeper into what is known as, â€Å"The Words of God†. This is the reason why attributes of spirituality is the area, in which I have developed most fully. At the same time, not anything in life worth having was ever gained overnight. Therefore, I feel much work is ahead for me; to fully develop in future years come. Neither knowledge nor wisdom is gained overnight; it is a continuous growth process for years to come.

The Poetry of e.e. cummings Essay example -- Poet Poetry Poem Poetic E

The Poetry of e.e. cummings The poems to come are for you and for me and are not for most people. --it's no use trying to pretend that mostpeople and ourselves are alike. Mostpeople have less in common with ourselves than the squarerootofminusone. You and I are human beings;mostpeople are snobs. Take the matter of being born. What does being born mean to mostpeople? Catastrophe unmitigated. Socialrevolution. The cultured aristocrat yanked out of his hyperexclusively ultravoluptuous superpalazzo, and dumped into an incredibly vulgar detentioncamp swarming with every conceivable species of undesirable organism. Mostpeople fancy a guaranteed birthproof safetysuit of nondestructible selflessness. If mostpeople were to be born twice theyà d improbably call it dying. you and I are not snobs. We can never be born enough. We are human beings;for whom birth is a supremely welcome mystery,the mystery of growing:the mystery which happens only and whenever we are faithful to ourselves. You and I wear the dangerous looseness of doom and find it becoming. Life,for eternal us,is now;and now is much too busy being a little more than everything to seem anything.catastrophic included (Cummings, 1935). So begins No Thanks, a book of poetry written by the already well-established Edward Estlin Cummings. When most people think of poetry, certain vocabulary comes to mind. Imagery. Rhyme. Meter. Flow. Figurative language. When the poetry of E.E. Cummings is mentioned, these stereotypical poetic techniques are forgotten. Instead, the mind focuses on Cummings' technique of avoiding technique. The lack of capitalization and nonstandard punctuation most likely begin the list of Cummings' nonrules in the minds of many. Sadly, the knowledge of... ...rn Library. Cummings, E.E. (1966). Collected poems. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World. Fairley, I.R. (1975). E.E. Cummings and ungrammar: A study of syntactic deviance in his poems. New York: Watermill. Friedman, N. (1960). E.E. Cummings: The art of his poetry. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press. Friedman, N. (1972). E.E. Cummings: A collection of critical essays. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. Haines, G. (1951). The world and E.E. Cummings. In Friedman, N. (Ed.), E.E. Cummings: A collection of critical essays (pp. 15-30). Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. Norman, C. (1958). The magic-maker: E.E. Cummings. New York: Macmillan. Watson, B. (1956). The dangers of security: E.E. Cummings' revolt against the future. In Friedman, N. (Ed.), E.E. Cummings: A collection of critical essays (pp. 31-45). Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.

Closing Case: Nicolo Pignatelli and Gulf Italia Essay

What should Pignatelli do? What would you do and why? In this situation, Pignatelli should go with his second option: asking his more influential partners to pressure government officials to quickly grant the two needed permissions. If his partners are unsuccessful then he should play it straight and try to gain government authorization. This is his best option because it is much less threatening to his company and personal reputation than committing bribes would be. Even though playing it straight would likely take several months and possibly years before the government authorizations could be obtained, it is still the best, and most ethical, option in the long run for the company since his refinery will be still able to eventually flourish and be successful. If he were to bribe the government officials or hire the consultant he would be putting his company and reputation on the line. If either of those plans were to fail, he would be exposed to the public and his reputation and business would become corrupt. It is best that Pignatelli do things the morally correct and most ethical way in order for his business to properly prosper. I would do the same as Pignatelli because it is the most ethical decision that benefits myself, my shareholders, and my employees throughout the long run. Either of the other two options are much to unethical and risky for me to choose. I would want my company to be successful and not have anything to hide from the public. Pignatelli seems to be leaning in the direction of hiring a consultant who might use part of the money for bribes. If Pignatelli does not pay the bribes directly, does this absolve him of responsibility? It does not absolve Pignatelli of responsibility since he made the decision to hire the consultant knowing that the money would be going towards a bribe in his favor. If the consultant he hires happens to leak word to the media or government officials that Pignatelli was the source of the bribe, then he would be in a lot of trouble and his refinery would be on the line. Even though he was not the one to physically transfer the bribe money, just having his name linked to the bribery would threaten his very career. Bribes are illegal in Italy. Even if bribes were common practice there, would this justify paying them? No, just because bribes are common practice in Italy does not mean Pignatelli is justified in paying them. Bribery is still considered illegal and can get him in trouble with the law and threaten his employment. The government fosters unethical behavior, such as bribes, through the Foreign Corrupt Practices act, which monitors everything that Pignatelli does to ensure that he does not commit illegal acts. If Pignatelli complies with the laws set by the government then all should be well with him and his refinery. Does Pignatelli have a responsibility to Italian citizens to build an environmentally friendly refinery above and beyond what the law requires? Is it appropriate for Gulf to spend this extra money and essentially take it away from shareholders? No, Pignatelli does not have a responsibility to Italian citizens to build an environmentally friendly refinery above and beyond what the law requires. According to Alex Smith’s conclusion from nearly 200 years ago: â€Å"the best way to advance the well-being of society is to place resources in the hands of individuals and allow market forces to allocate scarce resources to satisfy society’s demands† (pg 37). If Pignatelli does not follow society’s demands in terms of environmental impact, safety, and many other issues, then he may be forced out of business. So if the Italian society demands an environmentally friendly refinery, it is in Pignatelli’s best interest that he build one, which deems it necessary for Gulf to spend the extra money, taken from the shareholders, to put towards building a refinery that satisfies the demands and values of the Italian people. The social responsibility perspective argues that society grants existence to firms. Under this perspective it is best for managers to provide a return of capital to shareholders while also meeting the demands of society in order to be socially responsibly and continue to exist within a society. How would you feel if you were a lower-level employee in the company and learned that Pignatelli intended to pay bribes to get things â€Å"debottlenecked† ? What would your ethical obligations be? Should you ignore the situation or confront Pignatelli? Should you inform your direct boss or go to the media? If I were a lower-level employee in the company and learned that Pignatelli intended to pay bribes to get things â€Å"debottlenecked† in the company, I would feel indifferent about the situation since I know it is an illegal and unethical thing to do, yet it is being done in order to save the refinery from hutting down and losing millions of dollars so it is providing me a higher chance of keeping my job. Even though I know it is extremely unethical for Pignatelli to do this, I would not confront him or go to the media because I did not have a direct responsibility in making the unethical decision. Knowing what Pignatelli did wrong will make me feel guilty but I will be forced to ignore the situation since the pros outweigh the cons in terms of me keeping my job, the company continue running, and Pignatelli getting his initial 6 million ton capacity permitted by the government. I should not inform my direct boss or go to the media because I wouldn’t want to be the whistle-blower in this case and be responsible for a company shutting down and people losing their jobs. If Pignatelli were to get caught for his bribe on his own, then I, a lower-level employee, would not be blamed for the situation in any way due to the concentration of effect and proximity level between me and Pignatelli.

History of Art – Cubism

Historical Account Cubism is a part of the abstraction period of modern art in the beginning of the twentieth century. There was a series ‘isms' that influenced each other and came quickly in the modern world of art. These include Neoclassicism, Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, Post-Impressionism, Division and Symbolism. It was believed to be started with Picasso and Baroque in 1907. Cubism was a movement of modern artists going against the accepted style of paintings and pushing the boundaries of what was modern art.The Impressionists and Realists of the late 19th century started to paint more everyday items and in a ore spontaneous fashion, in contrast to the classical period which came before. Immediately before cubism were artists like Cezanne and Serrate who were considered to be post impressionists who were converting impressionism into a more classical style. Then Van Gogh wanted to express more emotion in his art than the impressionists had, and his style started to develop including vivid colors and bright landscapes.Art in the modern world moved from telling stories and depicting important historical occasions, to a more personal approach from the artist. The artist wanted to explore their emotions, the everyday and play with form, perspective and composition These colors and need to express emotions led to different movements of expressionism, the Fauves (wild beasts) which had artists including Van Gogh and Gauguin, German expressionism was more extreme, Abstraction came after this and cubism was one of the forms that led heavily from it.During 1908, Baroque and Picasso realized they were working towards the same ideas and decided to work together until 1914. Their principal subject became the still life. They experimented with painting and sculpture to express and challenge the way objects are represented. What you see depicted in a cubist work is not a realistic representation of the object, but a flattening of the planes that make up th e object from different directions in a strong geometric fashion.The artist no longer relied on the renaissance principals of geometric perspectives. The painter was free to explore a different visual reality and to challenge the viewer in what they were seeing in a two dimensional form. By 1909 Picasso began to break individual forms into smaller faceted shapes. For example the head had each feature as its own carefully modeled form. â€Å"The paintings and drawings of 1909 are works which give rise to the word cubism when Picasso was accused of dividing his pictures into ‘little cubes'. In 1910 Picasso made a breakthrough where the figure was seen or represented as transparent planes that locked together which allowed the eye to pass through them to the picture behind so the pictures had a more sculptural element. The movement ended in 1914 as Picasso was a prolific painter and continued to explore other ways of expressing himself. There was a turn towards realism again in 915 to 1920. Critical Account – The Women of Avignon This painting is a particularly important work in the development of cubism and Picasso artistic Journey.The picture is grounded in tradition and yet challenges the viewer with new perspectives and treatment of color and form. Picasso starts with the classical grouping of the three figures on the left. Their placement and gestures and semi nude attire seem to be familiar and are drawn from the images of the late Renaissance of the three graces. Picasso uses this familiarity to lure the viewer in but then starts to play with perspective, proportion ND color to challenge and represent a new way of viewing.Picasso has distorted the figures, using angular planes and we can see the beginnings of the different perspectives represented in the arms and faces of the figures. He uses flesh colored tones for the figures but in a very flat way rather than the traditional gently coupled tones of classical realism that leads to the repre sentation of the three dimensional figure on the two dimensional canvas. The shading and abstract nature of the shapes used meaner that they are very much in the modern world.We can see an example of this shifting of the perspective in the two central figures where the eyes are different sizes, the noses are off-set and the shape of the ears is distorted. As we look at the body of the three figures and the draping, we start to see flat geometric shapes and the beginning of the cubist treatment of the human figure. When we look at the small still life of fruit in a bowl at the bottom of the painting, we see the flattening of perspectives emerging. If this were a real representation of fruit in a bowl they would be effected by gravity.This representation makes the viewer eel anxious, waiting for the fruit to fall. In this way Picasso creates tension and expresses emotion through the distorted perspective. Picasso had a very difficult relationship with women and in the painting he repr esents women very differently between the group of three on the left, and the group of two on the right hand side. The three classical figures are more sympathetic and easy on the eye for the viewer, but there is dark shadows on the figures in the far left that hint at darker emotions.The figures on the right are more fully abstracted and show the influence of African ribald masks and paintings. The colors are not sympathetic, classical nude colors, but instead brighter and harsher reds, blues and greens. These women are confronting and convey a strong emotion for the viewer, but this destruction of form is not accidental but quite methodical. Everything in the picture is broken up into angular wedges and facets. Having said that these shapes are not flat but are shaded in such a way to give some sense of the third dimension. These sharp angles and edges, voids and solids, led to this movement being dubbed as cubism. History of Art – Cubism Is a part of the abstraction period of modern art In the beginning of the twentieth century. There was a series ‘Isms' that Influenced each other and came quickly In the modern world of art. These Include Neoclassicism, Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, Post-Impressionism, Dolmen's and Symbolism. It was believed to be started with Picasso and Braque's in 1907. Cubism was a movement of modern artists going against the accepted style of paintings and pushing the boundaries of what was modern art.The Impressionists ND Realists of the late 19th century started to paint more everyday items and in a more spontaneous fashion, in contrast to the classical period which came before. Immediately before cubism were artists like Cezanne and Serrate who were considered to be post Impressionists who were converting Impressionism into a more classical style. Then Van Gogh wanted to express more emotion in his art than the impressionists had, and his style started to develop Including vivid colors and bright landscapes.Art In the modern world moved from telling stones and depleting important historical occasions, to a more personal approach from the artist. The artist wanted to explore their emotions, the everyday and play with form, perspective and composition These colors and need to express emotions led to different movements of expressionism, the Fauves (wild beasts) which had artists including Van Gogh and Gauguin, German expressionism was more extreme, Abstraction came after this and cubism was one of the forms that led heavily from it.During 1908, Braque's and Picasso realized they were working towards the same Ideas and decided to work together until 1914. Their principal subject became the still life. They experimented with painting and sculpture to express and challenge the way objects are represented. What you see depicted in a cubist work is not a realistic representation of the object, but a flattening of the planes that make up the object from different d irections in a strong geometric fashion.The artist no longer relied on the renaissance principals of geometric perspectives. The painter was free to explore a different visual reality and to challenge the viewer in what they were seeing in a two dimensional form. By 1909 Picasso began to break individual forms into smaller faceted shapes. For example the head had each feature as its own carefully modeled form. â€Å"The paintings and drawings of 1 909 are works which give rise to the word cubism when palaces was accused of dividing his pictures Into ‘little cubes'. In 1910 palaces made a breakthrough where the figure was seen or represented as transparent planes that locked together which allowed the eye to pass through them to the picture behind so The movement ended in 1914 as Picasso was a prolific painter and continued to explore other ways of expressing himself. There was a turn towards realism again in 1915 to 1920. Critical Account – The Women of Avignon This pa inting is a particularly important work in the development of cubism and Picasso artistic Journey.The picture is grounded in tradition and yet challenges the viewer with new perspectives and treatment of color and form. Picasso starts with the classical grouping of the three figures on the left. Their placement and gestures and semi nude attire seem to be familiar and are drawn from the images of the late Renaissance of the three graces. Picasso uses this familiarity to lure the viewer in but then starts to play with perspective, proportion and color to challenge and represent a new way of viewing.Picasso has distorted the figures, using angular planes and we can see the beginnings of the different perspectives represented in the arms and faces of the figures. He uses flesh clouded tones for the figures but in a very flat way rather than the traditional gently suspected tones of classical realism that leads to the representation of the three dimensional figure on the two dimensional canvas. The hading and abstract nature of the shapes used means that they are very much in the modern world.We can see an example of this shifting of the perspective in the two central figures where the eyes are different sizes, the noses are off-set and the shape of the ears is distorted. As we look at the body of the three figures and the draping, we start to see flat geometric shapes and the beginning of the cubist treatment of the human figure. When we look at the small still life of fruit in a bowl at the bottom of the painting, we see the flattening of perspectives emerging. If this were a real representation of fruit n a bowl they would be effected by gravity.This representation makes the viewer feel anxious, waiting for the fruit to fall. In this way Picasso creates tension and expresses emotion through the distorted perspective. Picasso had a very difficult relationship with women and in the painting he represents women very differently between the group of three on the le ft, and the group of two on the right hand side. The three classical figures are more sympathetic and easy on the eye for the viewer, but there is dark shadows on the figures in the far left that hint at darker emotions.The figures on the right are more fully abstracted and show the influence of African tribal masks and paintings. The colors are not sympathetic, classical nude colors, but instead brighter and harsher reds, blues and greens. These women are is not accidental but quite methodical. Everything in the picture is broken up into angular wedges and facets. Having said that these shapes are not flat but are shaded in such a way to give some sense of the third dimension. These sharp angles and edges, voids and solids, led to this movement being dubbed as cubism.